Solar Cycle

The Sun Doesn’t Destroy Hubble. It Protects It—With a 4.3-Year Delay.

We assume that when the Sun is at its most violent, our satellites suffer the most damage. But Hubble’s data reveals the exact opposite. Solar maximums actually shield space telescopes from cosmic rays—but the effect takes 4.3 years to propagate, fundamentally breaking our intuition about space weather and mission planning.